![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i.imgur.com\/BaUIn0w.jpg\")
<\/p>\nNg\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 2019, T\u00f2a th\u00e1nh Vatican loan b\u00e1o Ch\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc John Henry Newman v\u00e0 4 v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean phong hi\u1ec3n th\u00e1nh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2019. Ch\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc Newman \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, v\u00ec th\u1ebf s\u1ebd th\u1eadt h\u1eefu \u00edch khi nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9 v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n
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M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ki\u1ebfm t\u00ecm ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ed3ng y John Henry Newman sinh t\u1ea1i Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, Anh Qu\u1ed1c, ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1801. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y d\u1ed7 trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Anh gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 thi\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 si\u00eang \u0111\u1ecdc Kinh Th\u00e1nh. Kinh Th\u00e1nh gi\u00fap ng\u00e0i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m tri th\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf khi m\u1edbi 14 tu\u1ed5i, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea1o: \u201cT\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n theo \u0111\u1ea1o; t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a g\u00ec\u201d.<\/p>\n Ch\u00ednh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3, Ch\u00faa g\u00f5 c\u1eeda l\u00f2ng Newman. Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y ngh\u1ec9 l\u1ec5 n\u0103m 1816, Newman \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n\u00a0Force of Truth<\/em>\u00a0(S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n l\u00fd) c\u1ee7a Thomas Scott, v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ng\u00e0i coi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u201ccu\u1ed9c ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean\u201d v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01a1n ban l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u1eddi. Newman b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng r\u00fat t\u1eeb t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Thomas Scott hai c\u00e2u ghi d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0i: \u201cT\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh an\u201d, v\u00e0 \u201cB\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d.<\/p>\n Sau cu\u1ed9c ho\u00e1n c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y, Newman \u0111\u1eb7t Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa tr\u00ean h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng b\u01b0\u1edbc theo Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m\u00a0Apologia pro vita sua<\/em>: \u201cKhi t\u00f4i 15 tu\u1ed5i (m\u00f9a Thu n\u0103m 1816), m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn lao v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng di\u1ec5n ra trong t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Kinh Tin k\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd \u0111\u1ee9c tin, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1edd l\u00f2ng Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd lu m\u1edd ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb x\u00f3a nh\u00f2a\u201d. Newman b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn ra t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u trong Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o: s\u1ef1 Nh\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, \u00e2n hu\u1ec7 Th\u00e1nh Th\u1ea7n ng\u1ef1 xu\u1ed1ng trong linh h\u1ed3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu Ph\u00e9p R\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ee9c tin kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Trinity College, Oxford, Newman tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c s\u01b0 Anh gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Saint Mary, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oxford. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i quan t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y quan ng\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Anh gi\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u1ef1 do (liberalism) t\u1ea1i Oxford c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, Newman c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n l\u1eadp n\u00ean Phong tr\u00e0o Oxford (Oxford Movement) n\u0103m 1833. Phong tr\u00e0o n\u00e0y ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n vi\u1ec7c Anh Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee9c tin, v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y th\u00f4ng qua cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t: t\u00edn l\u00fd, thi\u00eang li\u00eang, ph\u1ee5ng v\u1ee5. V\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y, phong tr\u00e0o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ecf, d\u1ec5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng g\u00e2y t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o s\u0129 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu \u0111\u01a1n th\u00e0nh, \u0111ang b\u1ecb gi\u1eb1ng co gi\u1eefa hai th\u00e1i c\u1ef1c l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy l\u00fd.<\/p>\n Newman nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u1ef1 do v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i x\u00e1c t\u00edn ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f3 n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i coi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin Kit\u00f4. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Newman khai tri\u1ec3n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0Via media<\/em>\u00a0(con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trung dung). Newman c\u0169ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng Anh gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y v\u00e0 l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c trong \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4, v\u00ec n\u01a1i Anh gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 Tin L\u00e0nh, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i cho l\u00e0 \u0111ang c\u00f3 trong C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o R\u00f4ma.<\/p>\n Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 IV, Newman kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0i \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh 3 nh\u00f3m t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 IV, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 sau: Tin L\u00e0nh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1i Ari\u00f4; C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o R\u00f4ma gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu R\u00f4ma; Anh gi\u00e1o gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo thuy\u1ebft Ari\u00f4 n\u1eeda v\u1eddi (semi-Arianism). Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ee3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 Anh gi\u00e1o. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00f3, Newman \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 so s\u00e1nh Anh gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo thuy\u1ebft Donatism \u1edf ch\u00e2u Phi th\u1eddi th\u00e1nh Augustin\u00f4. V\u00e0 ng\u00e0i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh Augustin\u00f4: \u201cH\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t, trong ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cho Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd\u201d (Securus judicat orbis terrarum). Newman nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft th\u1eddi H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a (antiquity) nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u00ednh C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o (catholicity), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh x\u00e9t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n Trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, Newman quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh lui v\u1ec1 Littlemore, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf g\u1ea7n Oxford, d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gi\u1edd cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Ng\u00e0i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u li\u00ean k\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y suy t\u01b0\u1edfng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o R\u00f4ma th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 t\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft b\u00ean C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o xem ra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y?<\/p>\n T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ef1c m\u00e0 Newman khai tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n m\u1edbi trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh: nh\u1eefng t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ef1c m\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3i nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y. Newman tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y trong b\u00e0i\u00a0An Essay on the Development of Christian Doctrine<\/em>\u00a0(S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft Kit\u00f4), trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i phi b\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c sai l\u1ea7m trong c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 \u01a1n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. Newman kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cCh\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 d\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed l\u00f2ng ch\u00fang ta; ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 hay b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3; tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1, ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ee9c tin C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o\u201d.<\/p>\n Gia nh\u1eadp H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o<\/strong><\/p>\n Khi Newman nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft Kit\u00f4, ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh R\u00f4ma l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5, H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4. V\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1845, ng\u00e0i tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc Dominic Barberi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd, d\u00f2ng Passionist, \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Newman gia nh\u1eadp H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn trong Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Anh gi\u00e1o. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh can \u0111\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 Newman ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00ec quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y. D\u01b0 lu\u1eadn v\u1eabn c\u00f2n b\u00e1m theo ng\u00e0i trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m sau \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 l\u00fac b\u00e1o ch\u00ed tung tin Newman c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1c l\u00f5ng trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, n\u00ean s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Anh gi\u00e1o. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Newman r\u1ea5t v\u1eefng t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen: \u201cK\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o b\u1ecb lung lay trong ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh. T\u00f4i tin ch\u1eafc, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd m\u00e3i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4; t\u00f4i m\u00e3i m\u00e3i tin v\u00e0o Kinh Tin k\u00ednh H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng, m\u1ecdi t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u trong \u0111\u00f3; t\u00f4i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng, k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt, gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh; v\u00e0 d\u00f9 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn mong m\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i theo Tin L\u00e0nh c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb ni\u1ec1m h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u201d.<\/p>\n Sau khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh linh m\u1ee5c C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, Newman l\u1eadp chi nh\u00e1nh D\u00f2ng Th\u00e1nh Philip Neri \u1edf Birmingham\u00a0[1]. Trong nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, ng\u00e0i ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 thi\u00eang li\u00eang cho c\u00e1c t\u00edn h\u1eefu C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, c\u00e1c anh em trong d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e2n t\u00f2ng. Ng\u00e0i x\u00e1c t\u00edn r\u1eb1ng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u00e0y t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do c\u1ee7a ni\u1ec1m hi v\u1ecdng Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o. V\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u01a1i ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c, s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ee9c tin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n Cha John Henry Newman \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea\u00f4 XIII n\u00e2ng l\u00ean h\u00e0ng H\u1ed3ng y ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1879, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i xin l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u1edf l\u1ea1i Birmingham. Trong d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y nay:<\/p>\n \u201cCh\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u1ef1 do v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, ni\u1ec1m tin n\u00e0o c\u0169ng t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 nhau, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y. Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, v\u00ec m\u1ecdi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ri\u00eang. T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o m\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn; kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ch quan; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i ra \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh th\u00edch. \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y n\u1ec1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9c tin. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Tin L\u00e0nh hay C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c b\u00ean n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m thi\u00eang li\u00eang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chung ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3. B\u1edfi l\u1ebd t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, ri\u00eang t\u01b0 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng giao con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y l\u1ea1i theo m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec m\u1eafc m\u1edb g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n? Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u1ebfu ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ea3\u201d.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ed3ng y Newman n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u1ef1 do, ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XVI v\u1ec1 \u201cs\u1ef1 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i\u201d! L\u1ed1i ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ed3ng y Newman c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c xem ra ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u1eafng th\u1ebf, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 tai h\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c tin. \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ed3ng y Newman nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf m\u1ecdi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu, m\u1ee5c t\u1eed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n, r\u1eb1ng Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd l\u00e0 kho t\u00e0ng qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin, ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c loan b\u00e1o c\u00e1ch trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y 11 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1890, \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ed3ng y Newman qua \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u1edf Edgbaston. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, t\u1edd\u00a0Times of London<\/em>\u00a0(Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n) vi\u1ebft: \u201cD\u00f9 R\u00f4ma c\u00f3 tuy\u00ean th\u00e1nh cho H\u1ed3ng y Newman hay kh\u00f4ng, ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean th\u00e1nh trong suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u ni\u1ec1m tin \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh\u201d.<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a R\u00f4ma<\/strong><\/p>\n Trong d\u1ecbp \u0110\u1ee9c L\u00ea\u00f4 XIII n\u00e2ng cha John Henry Newman l\u00ean h\u00e0ng H\u1ed3ng y, T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh Vatican \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ed3ng y Newman s\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec7p ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1879: \u201c\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec1n huynh, l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec1n huynh trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 T\u00e1c v\u1ee5 th\u00e1nh, s\u1ef1 t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 hi\u1ebfu th\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec1n huynh v\u1edbi T\u00f2a Th\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec1n huynh trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, (ng\u00e0i) quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e0nh cho hi\u1ec1n huynh b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 cao qu\u00fd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i\u201d.<\/p>\n Trong d\u1ecbp k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 100 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y Newman \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng l\u00ean h\u00e0ng h\u1ed3ng y, Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Gioan Phaol\u00f4 II \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho \u0110\u1ee9c cha George Patrick Dwyer, T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Birmingham, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft: \u201cT\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 linh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ed3ng y Newman b\u00e1m r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong ph\u00fa h\u00f3a nh\u1edd Kinh Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1o ph\u1ee5, (t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3) v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3\u2026.T\u00f4i hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng dung m\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb h\u1ed3ng y v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho vi\u1ec7c thi h\u00e0nh s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 gi\u00fap canh t\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu\u201d.<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 2010, \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XVI n\u00e2ng \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ed3ng y Newman l\u00ean h\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong gi\u1edd canh th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y tuy\u00ean phong, t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Hyde Park, Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, \u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XVI \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau cao t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Newman: \u201cNewman d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang ta r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Kit\u00f4 v\u00e0 trao ph\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng cho Ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta tin v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng. M\u1ecdi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i quy h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 vinh quang Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Newman \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh trong s\u1ee9 v\u1ee5 ti\u00ean tri c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu. Ng\u00e0i th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thu\u1ea7n tri th\u1ee9c cho b\u1eb1ng (\u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn) trong m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang, v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u1ea5y th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o t\u1eadn t\u00e2m kh\u1ea3m ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u1ea5y trong s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n, trung t\u00edn v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n; nh\u1eefng ai s\u1ed1ng trong v\u00e0 nh\u1edd ch\u00e2n l\u00fd s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 d\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 v\u00ec gi\u1ea3 d\u1ed1i n\u00ean c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u00f9 ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u00e1i thi\u1ec7n v\u1ed1n song h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi v\u1ebb huy ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i th\u1eadt,\u00a0Veritatis splendor<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n Trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ed3ng y Newman nh\u00e2n k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 100 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y qua \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i (1990), \u0110\u1ee9c h\u1ed3ng y Joseph Ratzinger (\u0110\u1ee9c B\u00ean\u00ea\u0111ict\u00f4 XVI sau n\u00e0y) \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang ta b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, v\u00ec n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111an quy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nhau. N\u1ebfu th\u1ebf, Newman c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee9ng trong h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, v\u00ec ng\u00e0i v\u1eeba ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn con tim ch\u00fang ta v\u1eeba soi s\u00e1ng suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t n\u00e0y v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd v\u1eeba mang t\u00ednh ti\u00ean tri. \u0110\u00e1ng qu\u00fd v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 cho ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y dung m\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Newman: kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng suy t\u01b0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh. V\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh ti\u00ean tri v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ng\u00e0y nay \u0111ang ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y Th\u00e1nh John Henry Newman s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean phong l\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh, v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang ta th\u1ee9\u00a0th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc b\u00e0n gi\u1ea5y<\/em>\u00a0nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng n\u1ec1n\u00a0th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc b\u00e0n qu\u1ef3<\/em>\u00a0v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ee5c h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Ph\u00ear\u00f4 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Kh\u1ea3m<\/em><\/p>\n[1]\u00a0D\u00f2ng Th\u00e1nh Philip Neri (The Congregation of the Oratory of St Philip Neri) l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i d\u00f2ng gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3, quy t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c linh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 s\u01b0 huynh s\u1ed1ng chung trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eddi kh\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee9c \u00e1i. Th\u00e1nh Philip Neri l\u1eadp d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y \u1edf R\u00f4ma n\u0103m 1575. John Henry Newman, sau khi th\u00e0nh linh m\u1ee5c C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i linh m\u1ee5c l\u1eadp chi nh\u00e1nh \u1edf Birmingham, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u1eddi v\u1ec1 Edgbaston.<\/p>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n Herman Geissier, On the 125th\u00a0Anniversary of John Henry Newman\u2019s Becoming a Cardinal,\u00a0L\u2019Osservatore Romano<\/em>, 11\/18 August 2004.<\/p>\n Fabio Attard SDB,\u00a0Blessed John Henry Newman, Theology and Holiness,<\/em>\u00a0www.newmanfriendsinternational.org\/en\/blessed-john-henry-cardinal-newman<\/a>.<\/p>\n Benedict\u00a0XVI,\u00a0Prayer Vigil on the Eve of the Beatification of Cardinal John Henry Newman,<\/em>\u00a0https:\/\/w2.vatican.va\/content\/benedict-xvi\/en\/speeches\/2010\/september\/documents\/hf_ben-xvi_spe_20100918_veglia-card-newman.html<\/a><\/p>\n